Essay Writing in Hindi Topics - How to Succeed?

Essay Writing in Hindi Topics - How to Succeed?If you are a native English speaker and interested in writing an essay on a particular topic, you may be wondering how to approach an essay writing in Hindi topics. Since the main objective of the essay is to impress the reader, the best way to achieve this objective is to use proper grammatical and spelling guidelines while writing the essay.The fact that this type of writing in the English language requires some degree of technical knowledge, you should start off by familiarizing yourself with the English language. After all, the topic you are writing about is an area which has already been clarified by the author in his work. So there is no point trying to tackle unknown topics.However, even before you begin, it is an important part of the essay writing in Hindi topics that you will need to understand the basic understanding of the subject. Many students get intimidated and do not know how to begin with the essay writing. Here you can refer the article from 'Hindi Essay Writing in English and Hindi' published in the articles section of the website. There you will find all the links and details regarding the English speaking format of writing an essay in Hindi topics.For starters, all you need to do is find out the most relevant topic related to your qualification. What is important here is that the topic you have chosen should be related to the fields that interest you the most. You can start writing the essay as early as possible.During the process of essay writing in Hindi topics, it is important that you learn about the English language. The main purpose of writing is to gain as much knowledge about the subject so that you will be able to write coherent sentences in your essay. Before you start, you can read through the English books on the subject. This will help you gain the knowledge you need to write well. articles In order to avoid the difficulty and disappointment when you have already begun the essay w riting, you can seek assistance from the article writing tips given by the writer. It is important that you take the guidance of an expert on the topic to ensure that you will not get stuck on the topic and will be able to overcome any impediment in the writing process.When you have read through the English writing tips, it will give you an idea of how to proceed with the topic. So all you need to do is follow the professional advice provided by the experts so that you will not be confused in your task.

A Mission Statement At Sheltering Arms - 1338 Words

MISSION STATEMENT At Sheltering Arms, we believe that every child and family deserves an equal chance at happiness and future success. Our mission is to strengthen the education, well-being, and development of vulnerable children, youth, and families across the New York metro area. We serve nearly 22,000 people each year from the Bronx to Far Rockaway. Through compassion, innovation, and partnership, we respond to our community s greatest needs and enable individuals to reach the greatest heights of their potential. We have maintained an unwavering commitment to our mission since 1831. OVERVIEW The families served by Sheltering arms are from NYC s poorest communities. They are from decades of generational poverty, underperforming†¦show more content†¦The Organization create environments and opportunities where they can explore brighter futures. Through innovative curriculum and project based, hands on learning, students gain the skills they need to overcome barriers and achieve success at the highest levels. Youth Development The organization encourages teens to discover interests and develop their talents regardless of the barriers to success for youth coming of age in impoverished or high crime neighborhood. Connecting youths to positive role models, cultivating their skills and interest and creating opportunities for them to shine positions them for success as healthy adults, strong leaders and active citizens. The components through which this is achieved is through the Juvenile Justice Reform and Preparing youth for Adulthood. The Juvenile Justice program utilizes non-traditional solutions to meet the city’s need for comprehensive and effective rehabilitation. Preparing Youth for Adulthood through partnership with skilled mentors, inspiring role models and Colleges closed the gaps left by past abuse and neglect. This helps to restore self- esteem that that fuels hard work, personal development and success. Health and Wellbeing The health and wellbeing division is comprised of the Developmentally Disabled, Family support Services and Foster care and Adoption. The developmentally Disabled program forShow MoreRelatedMission in Burundi: South Africas Voice of Solidarity2481 Words   |  10 PagesCourse: The South in World Politics: a Parallel World in the Making? Mission in Burundi: South Africa’s voice of solidarity INTRODUCTION In 1993 Nelson Mandela defined the issue of human rights, respect for diversity, cooperation in regional construction, infrastructure and resource development projects, concerns and interest of the continent of Africa to be the pillars of the foreign policy of South Africa (Mandela 1993). The essay will define what mediation is, what the peace process phasesRead MoreFaithful Citizenship10006 Words   |  41 Pages These challenges are at the heart of public life and at the center of the pursuit of the common good.1 3. For many years, we bishops of the United States have sought to share Catholic teaching on political life. We have done so in a series of statements issued every four years focused on â€Å"political responsibility† or â€Å"faithful citizenship.† In this document we continue that practice, maintaining continuity with what we have 1 said in the past in light of new challenges facing our nation andRead MoreThesis - Information Operations in Strategic, Operational, and Tactical Levels of War23393 Words   |  94 PagesN/A AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. 12a. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 13. ABSTRACT (maximum 200 words) This thesis explores the idea whether a balanced systematic approach is a better way to integrateRead MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pages(1914) consists of Addenda to IboEnglish dictionary; apart from corrections to Part II, this volume adds a large amount of material from the Asaba dialect. In general, Thomass material is extensive, but inadequately transcribed and analysed. The CMS mission at Onitsha undertook the collection of a considerable amount of lexical material. Several copies of a typescript Ibo-English dictionary, edited by T.J. Dennis, are in existence (one is in the library of the School of Oriental and African Studies,

The U.S. Governments Role in Protecting the Environment

The regulation of practices that affect the environment is a relatively recent development in the United States, but it is an excellent example of government intervention in the economy for a social purpose. Since the collective rise in consciousness  about the health of the environment, such government intervention in business has become a hot topic not only in the United States but also across the globe. The Rise of Environmental Protection Policies Beginning in the 1960s, Americans became increasingly concerned about the environmental impact of industrial growth. Engine exhaust from growing numbers of automobiles, for instance, was blamed for smog and other forms of air pollution in large cities. Pollution represented what economists call an externality—a cost that the responsible entity can escape but that society as a whole must bear. With market forces unable to address such problems, many environmentalists suggested that the government had a moral obligation to protect the earths fragile ecosystems, even if doing so required some economic growth to be sacrificed. In response, a slew of laws was enacted to control pollution, including examples such as the 1963 Clean Air Act, the 1972 Clean Water Act, and the 1974 Safe Drinking Water Act. The Founding of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) In December 1970, environmentalists achieved a major goal with the establishment of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through an executive order signed by then-president Richard Nixon.  The creation of the EPA  brought together several federal programs charged with protecting the environment into a single government agency. The EPA was founded with the  goal of protecting human health and the environment by enforcing regulations passed by Congress. Responsibilities of the EPA The EPA sets and enforces tolerable limits of pollution, and it establishes timetables to bring polluters into line with standards, an important aspect of its work since most of these requirements are recent and industries must be given reasonable time, often several years, to conform to new standards. The EPA also has the authority to coordinate and support the research and anti-pollution efforts of state and local governments, private and public groups, and educational institutions. Furthermore, regional EPA offices have the power to develop, propose, and implement approved regional programs for comprehensive environmental protection. While the EPA delegates some responsibilities such as monitoring and enforcement to state governments, it retains the authority to enforce policies through fines, sanctions, and other measures granted by the federal government. The Impact of Environmental Policies Data collected since the EPA began its work in the 1970s shows significant improvements in environmental quality. There has been a nationwide decline in virtually all air pollutants. However, in 1990, many Americans believed that still greater efforts to combat air pollution were needed. In response, Congress passed important amendments to the Clean Air Act that were signed into law by President George H. W. Bush. The legislation incorporated an innovative market-based system designed to secure a substantial reduction in sulfur dioxide emissions, which produce what is more commonly known as acid rain. This type of pollution is believed to cause serious damage to forests and lakes, particularly in the eastern part of the United States and Canada. In the years since, environmental policy has remained at the forefront of political discussion, especially as it relates to clean energy and climate change.

Essay on A Postmodern Tendancy in Their Eyes Were...

A Postmodern Tendancy in Their Eyes Were Watching God ...Zora Neale Hurston lacks [any] excuse. The sensory sweep of her novel carries no theme, no message, no thought. In the main, her novel is not addressed to the Negro, but to a white audience whose chauvinistic tastes she knows how to satisfy. She exploits the phase of Negro life which is quaint, the phase which evokes a piteous smile on the lips of the superior race. -- from Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937), a review by Richard Wright An unfortunate side effect of the postmodern tendency is often reactions like the above. Zoras work was not readily accepted in its time. Unlike fellow writers such as Faulkner and Joyce,†¦show more content†¦Zora exhibits these tendancies, which, taken separately, have been expounded upon but not yet fully exhausted, and the time has come to realize her as a postmodern force. Jean-Francois Lyotard, in his essay, The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge, defines postmodernism as incredulity toward metannaratives (Lyotard, 71). This works out to mean that the overarching metanarrative of the world, which is given to us by the ruling class if one subscribes to class theories, that forms our worldview has failed to fulfill our needs. The world is now seen as intersecting micronarratives; people can relate because their personal explanation of the world connects with anothers explanation, but are recognizably individual because no two worldviews are identical. All micronarratives are equally valid in Lyotards theories, and this fits in nicely with postmodernisms push towards inclusion rather than marginalization. This theory also pushes postmodernism into one of its other major facets, the breakdown of binary systems. Hassan is the pundit of the anti-binarial division of the postmodern. He details that postmodernism is not anti-modernism; it is not a reaction to or successive movement. Indeed, it is different than modernism, but also shares many

Past and Present of Civil Relations - 1931 Words

Civic Relations: Past and Present Introduction In his book, Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle presents five main components that encapsulate civic relationships: happiness, virtues, deliberation, justice and friendship. Aristotle introduces the concept of utilitarianism, which is key to the thoughts and ideas he portrays in Nicomachean Ethics because according to him, one must do whatever will bring the individual the greatest good. As human beings, we must focus on the good purpose-- on the end product of what we set our minds to. This is where the five components of civic relationships come in; each one plays a key role in order to solve this equation of seeking the greatest good. In this case, we will analyze, compare and contrast exactly what the greatest good in civic relationships consists of and see in what ways Aristotle’s ideas are similar and different to the perceptions of successful, present day workplaces in the United States according to Great Place to Work Institute. Deliberation Aristotle discusses the importance of deliberation in ethics and civic relationships. Deliberation is key in order for society to decide what is right and wrong, good and bad. The ideas and opinions of people thus create particular standards for society, making things acceptable or not. Deliberation is also key when thinking of how to reach this ultimate good; it allows us to look at a particular situation with a critical eye and being exposed to ideas that are foreign from your own.Show MoreRelatedRace Relations And The Civil Rights Movement924 Words   |  4 PagesRace relations have and always will be a major part of society. They have influenced today s society economically, politically, and culturally in many ways. Past and present race relations are difficult and careless. In the past many minorities were treated like property to the majority white. For example, in the 1800’s the white majority used the African-American minority as salves. 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Theoretical and Empirical Analyses

Question: Discuss about the Theoretical and Empirical Analyses. Answer: Introduction The present report aims to provide an analysis and examination of the case study of Planter Nuts for identifying the reason of its declining performance in recent times. In this context, the report emphasises on diagnosing the problem faced by Planter Nuts through the application of 5Cs framework and analyse consumer behaviour in snack nut category. Also, it evaluates marketing research carried out Kraft Foods Group in respect to Planter Nuts and segmenting, targeting and position strategy of Planters. The company is also provided recommendation for its brand positioning strategy in the report. 5Cs Framework to Diagnose the Problem as to Why Planters Nuts Performance has been Struggling As depicted in the case study, the consumption of Snack nuts of Planters brand is declining among the US consumers. 5Cs framework is a situational analysis technique that helps in examining of internal and external environmental factors to provide a better understanding of a marketing problem in context (Chernev and Alexander, 2014). The reason for the decline in performance of Planter Nuts can be evaluated successfully through the application of 5Cs framework consisting of the following components: Customer: This helps in gaining an understanding of the needs and expectations of the customers. Planter Nuts, a brand of Krafts Foods Group, aspired to become the national nut by providing consumers high quality products at minimum cost. Planters initially emphasised on providing peanuts to the US consumers but later expanded its product line to include cashews and mixed nuts. However, later the company also included almonds and pistachios in its product line with increased demands of these nut types by US consumers due to their health benefits. The expansion of the product line of Planters caused a decline in the sales of its core product areas that are, peanuts, cashews and mixed nuts. This was mainly due to increase in the competition in the snack nut market of the US from the brands such as Blue Diamond, Wonderful, and Emerald. The case study analysis depicts that competitive brands offer products to the customers at relative lower prices than Planter (Dolan and Ngwe, 2016). Als o, the shift of consumers towards more healthy nuts such as almond and pistachios were responsible for the decline in sales of the companys core products (Consumers Go Nuts for Healthy Snacks, 2015). Company: This analysis is carried out for gaining a proper understanding of the companys position for meeting the customer needs. This can be evaluated through analysing Planter strengths and weakness through SWOT analysis: Strengths: Good brand image among the US customers (Dolan and Ngwe, 2016). Providing high quality and tasteful nuts in the snack nut category (Dolan and Ngwe, 2016) Weakness: Targeting only one market segment of males aged between 35-65 years (Dolan and Ngwe, 2016). Recognised among the US consumers as only offering high quality peanuts, cashews and mixed nuts and does not gain customer recognition in healthy nuts category such as almond and pistachios (Dolan and Ngwe, 2016). Opportunities: Expanding the product line for increased offering of high quality almonds and pistachios nuts to the customers (Dolan and Ngwe, 2016). Threats: High cost of nuts as compared to the competitive brands such as Emerald (Dolan and Ngwe, 2016) Competition: Planter Nuts is facing stiff competition from Blue Diamonds, Wonderful and Emerald. Blue diamonds has achieved a good brand name in providing almond nut to the customers. On the other hand, Wonderful is a dominant player in offering pistachios nut among the US market segment. The increasing shift of US consumers towards almonds and pistachios due to their health benefits is impacting the sales of planters peanuts (Watson, 2014). Almonds are recognised as healthy for heart by the American Herat Association. In addition to this, brands such as Emerald offers relatively low priced peanuts in comparison to planters as depicted by the case study further negatively impacting Planter sales and profits (Dolan and Ngwe, 2016). Collaborators: Planter nuts need to implement major changes in its operational activities such as procurement and manufacturing for meeting the customer needs. It needs to reduce its operational cost by offering low price products for achieving a competitive advantage. Also, the company need to increase its suppliers providing almonds and pistachios nuts for meeting changing customer needs (Dolan and Ngwe, 2016).. Context: The nut consumption trends on the basis of demographics reveal that there is increased consumption of snack nuts by males in comparison to females. However, Planter nuts current positioning strategy only target male segment aged between 35-65 years. Also, the nut consumption is more in population group above the age of 65 years. The demographic trends as illustrated by the case study indicate that planters need to modify its current positioning strategy for improving its performance (Dolan and Ngwe, 2016). Analysis of Consumer Behaviour in the Snack Nut Category The case study demonstrates the changing trend and preferences of the US population group towards the consumption of snack nuts. The increased popularity of the nuts is on account of high protein and energy nutrition provided by the snack nuts responsible for their large volume sales in the country (International Markets Bureau, 2011). However, there has been dramatic change in consumer behaviour towards snack nut category in recent times. Earlier, the US population group regarded peanuts as basic nut and flavoured peanuts become more popular among the countrys population group. Planters peanuts sales recorded high sales during this time and its salty peanuts were in high demands among the US consumers (Schultz, 2014). The expansion in product line of Planters nuts for cashews and mixed nuts drive the attention of customers towards them and cashews are regarded as the most delicious nut among the US consumers. The market entry of Blue Diamond and Wonderful brand in the snack nut market of the US brought major changes in the taste and preferences of the consumers. The introduction of almonds and pistachios brought attention of the consumers towards eating nutritious and healthy snack nuts. Almonds were regarded as healthy for heart by American Heart Association and this cause a rise in the demand of these nuts among the consumers in the country (Dolan and Ngwe, 2016). Peanuts, cashews and mixed nuts were relatively perceived as high in fats by the consumers and thus less healthy (Consumers Go Nuts for Healthy Snacks, 2015). In this context, the theory of reasoned action used for analysing consumer behaviour trends states that specificity is a critical factor in the decision-making process of a consu mer. The expectation of achieving a specific result from an action taken influences the purchasing behaviour of consumers. Thus, the perception of gaining a specific advantage with purchasing a product plays a major role in decision-making process of consumers (Southey, 2011). Source: Southey, G. 2011. The Theories of Reasoned Action and Planned Behaviour Applied to Business Decisions: A Selective Annotated Bibliography. Journal of New Business Ideas Trends 9(1), pp. 43-50. The change in consumer behaviour regarding the consumption of snack nuts can be mainly attributed due to their changed perception eating fat free and nutritious nuts such as almond for staying healthy. The increased awareness among the US consumers about the benefits of eating healthy snacks is causing the changes in their buying patterns in snack nut category (Sweeney, 2000). The figure below reflects percentage of peanut consumption in the US: Evaluation of Marketing Research Undertaken by the Kraft Foods Group in Respect to Planters Nuts Planters Nuts is a part of Kraft Foods but the entity has recently divided into two parts, Mondelez and Kraft Foods Group. Kraft Foods Group is involved in grocery business in North America and Planters has been a part of it since the split. Kraft Foods has assigned a new management team for identifying the main issues responsible for the declining sales of the Planters (Ahead of Spin-Off, Kraft Goes Nuts to Support Grocery Business, 2012). The marketing team under the new management has undertaken a research for gaining a better understanding of the current situation of the company through gathering market data. The research undertaken involved both qualitative and quantitative survey for achieving a specific answer for the research problem. The quantitative surveys undertaken by Krafts Food Group provided an insight into the consumer perceptions of snack nuts on the basis of health benefits and costs. The quantitative data also reflects the brand awareness of Planters among the US consumers and assessed its brand equity in terms of quality, popularity, familiarity, uniqueness and relevance. The result obtained through quantitative survey concluded Planter a recognised and established brand among the US consumers in snack nuts category (Dolan and Ngwe, 2016). In addition to this, qualitative research such as in-depth interview and focus groups surveys was also undertaken by Kraft Foods Group. The in-depth interview carried out among the consumers depicted that Planters was mainly recognised as providing quality products for peanuts, cashews and mixed nuts. It has still not achieved brand recognition in category of growth products that are, almonds and pistachios. Almonds and pistachios are regarded as healthy nuts by American consumers and other products such as cashews and peanuts are associated with high fat content (Dolan and Ngwe, 2016). There is dramatic shift in the customer preferences towards healthy nuts in comparison to that of flavoured nuts such as salty peanuts, a core product of Planters. Also, the core products of Planters were attributed by customers to be high in cost as compared to similar products offered by competitive brand such as Emerald. The current marketing strategy of Planters can be regarded as ineffective as c ustomers perceive the companys products out-dated. The current positioning strategy of Planters was mainly developed on the basis of demographic variables. The company mainly targets male customers of age group 35-65 years. However, case study analysis shows that nut consumption is more in the adult population of above the age group of 65 years in the US. Moreover, female population group in the country consumes more nuts as compared to that of male population (Dolan and Ngwe, 2016). In this context, cognitive learning theory can prove to be very useful in analysing and examining the information collected through market research by Kraft Foods Group in relation to Planters declining performance. As per cognitive learning theory, consumers behaviour towards purchasing a specific product or service is mainly influenced by their thought process. The thought process of consumers is mainly influenced by their present and past experiences achieved through the consumption of a specific product or service over time. Consumer leaning in accordance with cognitive theory can be described as acquiring information and experience about a product or service in past period of time tend to have a significant impact on their future buying behaviour (Awa, 2010). As per the theory, the main influential factors in the purchasing decision-making process of consumers for snack nuts products of Planters are personal, product and situational factors. Product factors relate to self-image of products, product factors involve perceived health risk in purchasing the products and situational factors relates to purchasing products for personal use or for serving to guests in parties etc. in snack nut product category of the company (Salted and Roasted Nuts and Seeds, 2016). Thus, qualitative and quantitative information obtained through market research can be interpreted easily trough Kraft Foods group by applying cognitive theory. Consumers still perceive Planter nuts core products as similar to peanuts on the basis of their past experiences that is negatively impacting their future buying behaviour of companys products. Thus, the marketing research undertaken by Kraft Food Group illustrates modification in the marketing strategy of Planters nuts so th at customers do not perceive the companys brand as synonymous to peanuts only. Planters Nuts Current Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning Segmenting, Targeting and Positioning (STP) is a strategic approach used by marketers to identify the target customer segments and planning the strategies to gain customer recognition in target customer segments . The current STP strategy used by Planters nuts is evaluated as follows: Segmentation: The segmentation strategy followed by Planters nuts is to focus only on one target market and developing effective strategies for becoming a dominant player in the identified market segment. As evident from the market research carried out by Kraft Foods Group in respect to Planters, snack nut consumption is variable in different market segments and so company must design its segmentation strategy for reaching out to different market segments instead of emphasising only on one market segment (Dolan and Ngwe, 2016). Targeting: The target segments as identified by the Planters nuts is mainly of male population group in the US aged between 35-65 years. However, as illustrated by the market research data, the consumption of snack nuts is relatively higher in female population group of the US. Also, adult population of above age 65 years consumes snack nuts more in comparison to the youth population in the country (Dolan and Ngwe, 2016). This indicates that the company need to re-evaluate its targeting strategy and identify new target segments in the country for improving its sales and profitability. Positioning: Planter nuts emphasises on positioning its products in snack nut category in mens target segment through the help of spreading marketing messages on packaging of its products, displaying ads in magazines and launching campaigns targeting at male population group to provide them information of nutritional benefits of its products (Dolan and Ngwe, 2016). The marketing research data indicates that the company need to modify its positioning strategy in accordance with the new target segments identified. Brand positioning recommended to Planters Nuts for going forward Planter nuts need to adopt major strategic changes in its positioning strategy for increasing its sales and profitability (Watrous, 2015). As illustrated by the market research conducted by Kraft Foods Group, the company need to identify new market segment of adult and female population group in the US as the consumption of products in snack nut category is relatively more in these segments as compared to male population group. The company need to position itself in the snack nut market as such it is not only viewed as peanuts provider but also a major player in the healthy nuts category such as almond and pistachios. This can be done through the help of adopting proper communication channels that facilitates the company to reach to its target customer segments. Implementation of proper communication channels is also essential so that customers views companys brand image not only as limited to peanuts but also fit for almonds and pistachios products. Communication channels such as ad vertising, press releases, launching health campaigns, social networking will help the company to re-position its brand image in the market (Ries, 2003). The company can modify its tag line to shift its target segments from male population group to female and adult population group (More than Peanuts: Snack Nut Brands Up Spend On Sponsorship, 2009). The change of consumer behaviour pattern for eating more healthy nuts such as almond and pistachios is responsible for Planters to adopt major change in its positioning strategy to enhance the sales in healthy nuts category (Topper, 2014). The competitive brands such as Blue Diamond and Wonderful receives huge support from American Health Association that has enhanced their brand reputation in mind of the US consumers as depicted from the case study analysis (Dolan and Ngwe, 2016). Thus, to enhance the brand image of Planters it also needs to obtain certification of its almonds and pistachios products from health communities in the US to gain customer recognition in these product segments. Conclusion Thus, it can be stated from the case study analysis that Planter nuts need to modify its marketing strategy for enhancing its sales and profitability. The main reasons responsible for the present declining sales of the company is changes in the consumer behaviour in snack nut category and perceived past brand image of Planters in the mind of consumers. Thus, Planters need to position its new brand image among target segments identified for overcoming the decline in the sales of its products in snack nut category. References Ahead of Spin-Off, Kraft Goes Nuts to Support Grocery Business. 2012. [Online]. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/greatspeculations/2012/03/12/ahead-of-spin-off-kraft-goes-nuts-to-support-grocery-business/#65c124302117 [Accessed on: 20 August 2016]. Awa, H. 2010. Cognitive Consistency in Purchase Behaviour: Theoretical Empirical Analyses. International Journal of Psychological Studies 2 (1), pp. 44-54. Brown, L. et al. 2008. Market Research and Analysis. Wildside Press LLC. Chernev and Alexander, 2014. Strategic Marketing Management. Cerebellum Press. Consumers Go Nuts for Healthy Snacks. 2015. [Online]. Available at: https://www.cstoredecisions.com/2015/04/02/consumers-go-nuts-for-healthy-snacks/ [Accessed on: 20 August 2016]. Dolan, R. and Ngwe. D. 2016. Planter Nuts. International Markets Bureau. 2011. Consumer Trends Salty Snack Food in the United States. [Online]. Available at: https://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/market-prices-and-statistics/trade-statistics/pubs/us_snack_food_consumer_trends_en.pdf [Accessed on: 20 August 2016]. More than Peanuts: Snack Nut Brands Up Spend On Sponsorship. 2009. [Online]. Available at: https://www.sponsorship.com/iegsr/2009/05/25/More-Than-Peanuts--Snack-Nut-Brands-Up-Spend-On-Sp.aspx [Accessed on: 20 August 2016]. Ries. 2003. Positioning: The Battle For Your Mind. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Salted and Roasted Nuts and Seeds. 2016. [Online]. Available at: https://business.highbeam.com/industry-reports/food/salted-roasted-nuts-seeds [Accessed on: 20 August 2016]. Schultz, E.J. 2014. Planters Gives Mr. Peanut New Mission: Flavored Nuts. [Online]. Available at: https://www.adageindia.in/marketing/news/planters-gives-mr-peanut-new-mission-flavored-nuts/articleshow/45725936.cms [Accessed on: 20 August 2016]. Southey, G. 2011. The Theories of Reasoned Action and Planned Behaviour Applied to Business Decisions: A Selective Annotated Bibliography. Journal of New Business Ideas Trends 9(1), pp. 43-50. Sweeney, S.M. 2000. Working For Peanuts. [Online]. 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Working Capital Management Profitability -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Working Capital Management Profitability? Answer: Introducation Woodside Petroleum Ltd is linked with petroleum exploration and production, which is used in Australia. The company comes under Oil and Gas industry, while they deal in producing petroleum products. Petroleum and LNG are the key product that is produced by Woodside Petroleum Ltd, which is allowed them to accumulate profits over the past fiscal years (Woodside.com.au 2018). From the valuation of company's operations relevant opportunity and threats could be identified, which might affect its revenue generation capacity. The major opportunity for your organization is the rising demand for Petroleum products around the world. Majority of the manufacturing, production houses, and vehicles uses petroleum products, which is an adequate opportunity for the company to improve its profitability in future. This rising trend of using petroleum product has allowed majority of the oil producing companies to increase their revenue to support future oil exploration projects. However, certain threats are also identified from the evaluation,which could hamper profitability of the organization in immediate future.Threats from substitute is a major problem for oil producing companies, where thermal power and solar energy are replacing maximum of the sales conducted by oil producing companies. The second threat for Oil and Gas companies is the declining value of crude oil in the market, which is reducing actual revenue collection of Oil and Gas organization. The constant decline in value of oil in the world market is threatening oil and gas companys existence, which is a major threat to Woodside Petroleum Ltd revenue. Both the threats identified would directly affect revenue generation capacity of Woodside petroleum Limited and increase their expenditure. On the other hand, Atil, Lahiani and Nguyen (2014) argued that due to the reduced prices of crude oil products the increment in substitute demand is declining, which is relatively a positive action for oil a nd gas companies. Calculating cash conversion cycle and comparing it with previous year and industry peer: Particulars 2016 2015 2014 Net sales 4075 5030 7435 Cost of goods sold 2234 3073 2883 Inventory 149 170 247 Accounts receivable 446 489 478 Accounts payable 546 813 605 Days inventory Outstanding 26.06 24.76 Days receivable outstanding 41.87 35.08 Days payable outstanding 111.02 84.21 Cash conversion cycle -43.09 -24.36 From the evaluation of above table, cash conversion cycle of Woodside petroleum cans be identified, which is relatively declining in 2016, as compared to 2015. This is due to declining sales, which was conducted during 2016. In comparison to its peers the cash conversion cycle is relatively depraved, leaving BHP Billiton. This indicates low financial position of the organisation and depraved cash availability to support its operational activities. Nobanee (2014) stated that with the help of cash conversion cycle investors can detect cash availability of an organization, which allows them to meet at a good investment decision. Improvement in Woodside petroleum cash conversion is needed or problems may arise in conducing daily operations. Stating example of short term debt financing instrument and long-term debt financing instrument, while depicting whether the company has used debt financing in 2016: Example of short term debt financing is short term bank loan, which is accumulated by companies to support their obligations. in addition, long term debt financing example is bond issue, which is conducted by companies to expand its process and increase their production capability. From the evaluation of both C2 and C3 notes, the company has used long term debt financing to support its operational activities. The increment in bonds and debt facilities from 2015 to 2016 is an indication that the company has acquired capital for improving its operation. On the other hand, Huang, Ritter and Zhang (2016) argued that increase debt accumulation could eventually lead to insolvency, which might hamper operational capability of an organization and force them to liquidate. Conniving bond price for 6/12/2018: Particulars Value Face Value $ 100 Coupon Rate p.a. 2.25% Half Year Coupon Rate 1.13% Coupon Payment 1.13 Yield Rate 2.62% Half Yearly Yield Rate 1.31% Total Period 6 No. of Coupon Payments 12 Market Price of Bonds $ 97.96 Evaluating the bond price with calculated figure and mentioned figure, while detecting the reason behind its selling at par: The calculation conducted in the above table mainly stated market bond value of Royal Dutch Shell, which is at the levels of $97.96. on the other hand, the value identified in the figure provided in the assessment is $98.00. this irrelevant decline of the bond value is due to the change in yield rate. the coupon payment is fixed for the bond, while interest rate varies from time to time. This increment in interest rate from coupon rate mainly reduces value of the bond, which is seen for Royal Dutch Shell bonds. Hence, further increment in interest rate could force the bond to sell at par value, which is seen currently for Royal Dutch Shell bonds. According to Ballotta. and Kyriakou (2015), bond valuation allows investors to detect market value of an existing Bond and make relevant investments to support their return requirements. Portraying share price of Shell in euros: Particulars Value Current share price in Euro 28.93 EUR to USD $ 1.22 Market return 9.00% Risk free rate 1.25% Annual dividend in USD $ 1.41 Annual dividend in Euro 1.15 Growth rate 5.00% Cost of capital 7.75% Current Share price in Euro (1.15*(1+5%))/(7.75%-5%) Current Share price in Euro 44.06 The above calculation mainly helps in identifying theoretical share value of Royal Dutch Shell, which could allow investors in making adequate investment decisions. Furthermore, the current price level of the organization is mainly at 28.93, while the theoretical share price is at 44.06. This indicates that more growth in share value of the organization can be achieved in future, which would allow investors to increase the return from investment. Hence, buying shares of Royal Dutch Shell is adequate, which would allow investors to improve their capital growth. Lazzati and Menichini (2015) mentioned that by using dividend discount model investors can detect investment opportunities, which might increase their return from investments and raise their portfolio value. On the other hand, D'Amico (2016) dividend discount model mainly utilizes one factor for determining actual share value of an organization, which can be manipulated by organizations. Portraying Net present value of the project at WACC 8.00%: From the valuation of 5.94% and 8% WACC, Adequate cost of capital for the organization is identified. The NPV provided from 5.94% WACC was relatively at the levels of 3,109,533,659, which is high and provides the company with adequate returns. However, the WACC of 8% mainly indicates a negative value of -1,800,863,909, while stating the loss portrayed from the project. Hence, with 5.94% WACC the gas project is viable, while with 8% WACC the project is not viable for Royal Dutch Shell. With the use of net present value organizations can detect actual viability of the project and understand the returns that could be provided from their investment (Lokman et al. 2017). However, certain projects due to no cash inflow are not able to support time value of money, which could directly affect company's ability to increase firm value. Currently, the WACC of 5.94% is providing a positive net present value for Royal Dutch Shell, which is a positive indication for the company. On the other hand, the WACC of 8% is portraying a negative valuation for the project, which indicates that cash flow of the project is not supporting time value of money. Reference Atil, A., Lahiani, A. and Nguyen, D.K., 2014. Asymmetric and nonlinear pass-through of crude oil prices to gasoline and natural gas prices.Energy Policy,65, pp.567-573. Ballotta, L. and Kyriakou, I., 2015. Convertible bond valuation in a jump diffusion setting with stochastic interest rates.Quantitative Finance,15(1), pp.115-129. D'Amico, G., 2016. Generalized semi-Markovian dividend discount model: risk and return.arXiv preprint arXiv:1605.02472. Eliasson, J. and Brjesson, M., 2014. On timetable assumptions in railway investment appraisal.Transport Policy,36, pp.118-126. Florou, A. and Kosi, U., 2015. Does mandatory IFRS adoption facilitate debt financing?.Review of Accounting Studies,20(4), pp.1407-1456. Huang, R., Ritter, J.R. and Zhang, D., 2016. Private equity firms reputational concerns and the costs of debt financing.Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,51(1), pp.29-54. Lazzati, N. and Menichini, A.A., 2015. A dynamic approach to the dividend discount model.Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies,18(03), p.1550018. Lokman, S., Volker, D., Zijlstra-Vlasveld, M.C., Brouwers, E.P., Boon, B., Beekman, A.T., Smit, F. and Van der Feltz-Cornelis, C.M., 2017. Return-to-work intervention versus usual care for sick-listed employees: health-economic investment appraisal alongside a cluster randomised trial.BMJ open,7(10), p.e016348. Nobanee, H., 2014. Working capital management and firm's profitability: an optimal cash conversion cycle.International Research Journal of Finance and Economics. March (120), pp.13-22. Woodside.com.au. (2018).Woodside Energy | Home. [online] Available at: https://www.woodside.com.au/Pages/home.aspx [Accessed 20 Jan. 2018]. Yazdanfar, D. and hman, P., 2014. The impact of cash conversion cycle on firm profitability: an empirical study based on Swedish data.International Journal of Managerial Finance,10(4), pp.442-452.